I recently came across the term morning glory in relation to eye health, and it got me curious. I had no idea that morning glory could have something to do with the eyes. What exactly is morning glory, and how does it affect vision??
From what I read, morning glory syndrome is a rare congenital condition that affects the optic disc in the eye. It leads to an abnormal development of the optic nerve, which can cause vision impairment or blindness in severe cases. But what exactly happens to the eye in morning glory syndrome? How does it alter the structure of the optic nerve?
I also saw that morning glory syndrome can be associated with other eye conditions and neurological abnormalities like coloboma or retinal detachment. Is morning glory syndrome usually diagnosed at birth, or do symptoms like visual field loss or strabismus develop later in life??
One thing I’m really curious about—is there any treatment for morning glory syndrome? Since it’s a structural abnormality of the optic disc, is it something that can be corrected with surgery, or is the damage permanent? What can be done to manage vision loss associated with this condition?
For those who have experience with morning glory syndrome, what was your diagnosis process like? How did your condition affect your vision, and did you require special treatment or adaptations to manage daily activities?
Morning glory syndrome is a rare congenital condition that affects the optic disc, which is the area where the optic nerve connects to the retina. In this condition, the optic nerve doesn’t develop properly, leading to an abnormal appearance of the optic disc. This abnormality can cause vision impairment or, in more severe cases, blindness. The optic nerve may be smaller or malformed, which affects its ability to transmit visual information from the eye to the brain.
Morning glory syndrome can be associated with other eye conditions like coloboma or retinal detachment, and sometimes neurological issues. It is typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood when doctors observe abnormalities in the eye. However, symptoms such as visual field loss or strabismus (crossed eyes) may develop later in life.
Unfortunately, since morning glory syndrome is a structural abnormality, it cannot be corrected with surgery. The damage to the optic disc is usually permanent. However, vision loss can be managed with supportive treatments such as corrective lenses, vision therapy, or low-vision aids to improve quality of life. Regular eye exams are essential to monitor any changes.
Having numbness on both the legs and some time on on fingers of hands,
Occurred from last two months,difficulty in walking, if sit down for some time than after standing there is pain on both legs.
Bottom of legs get wet while wearing chhapals.
Hi Vijay ji, the symptoms you’re describing—numbness in legs and fingers, difficulty walking, pain after sitting, and sensation changes—could be related to nerve compression or neuropathy, possibly due to age-related spine issues or diabetes (even if undiagnosed).
Given your age and asthmatic history, it’s important to consult a neurologist soon. They may recommend tests like MRI of the spine, nerve conduction studies, and blood tests to check for vitamin B12 deficiency or diabetes.
In the meantime:
• Avoid sitting too long in one position
• Gentle leg stretches may help
• Keep feet warm and protected
Please don’t delay medical evaluation, as early treatment can prevent worsening.
I recently injured my shoulder while working out, and the doctor mentioned something about my clavicle being affected. I didn’t really understand what he meant by it, so I looked it up online, and now I’m a bit worried. From what I read, the clavicle is also called the collarbone, but I’m not sure exactly what role it plays in the shoulder. The pain I’m feeling seems to be coming from the upper part of my chest and around my shoulder joint. Is the clavicle involved in shoulder injuries like the one I have?
I’ve been feeling discomfort when I raise my arm, and it’s sometimes hard to lift heavy objects. The doctor told me that I might need physical therapy, but I’m not sure if it’s something that will take weeks or months to heal. I’ve also heard that fractures to the clavicle are common, especially with falls or accidents. Could my injury be a fracture, or is it more likely to be a sprain or muscle strain? How would I know the difference?
I’m also curious about how the clavicle works in conjunction with the other bones in the shoulder. Does it help stabilize the shoulder joint? I’ve been thinking about doing exercises to improve my range of motion, but I’m worried that I might make the injury worse. What kind of movements should I avoid to prevent further injury to my clavicle?
Finally, should I consider getting an X-ray to rule out a fracture, or would the doctor have been able to tell if it were broken just by examining me? I want to make sure I’m not overlooking anything serious.
Clinical Summary
You have sustained an injury to your shoulder, with pain reported in the upper part of your chest and around the shoulder joint. Your doctor mentioned an involvement of the clavicle (collarbone), which is an essential structure in the shoulder girdle. Symptoms such as discomfort when raising your arm and difficulty lifting heavy objects are indicative of possible shoulder pathology, which could range from a strain or sprain to a fracture involving the clavicle.
Etiology and Risk Factors
The clavicle serves multiple roles in the shoulder, including:
- Stability: It acts as a strut between the arm and the torso, helping to stabilize the shoulder joint. The movement of the shoulder girdle relies significantly on the proper function of the clavicle.
- Mobility: It allows for a greater range of motion in the shoulder by connecting the sternum (breastbone) to the shoulder blade (scapula).
Common risk factors for clavicle injuries include:
- Trauma: Falls or accidents during sports or physical activities, as you mentioned.
- Certain age groups: Clavicle fractures are more prevalent in younger individuals, particularly children and teens.
- High-impact activities: Weightlifting or contact sports can increase the risk.
Differential Diagnosis
The likely conditions causing your symptoms include:
1. Clavicle Fracture: Typically presents with localized pain, swelling, and tenderness, particularly over the area of the clavicle. X-ray imaging is often required to confirm this.
2. Shoulder Sprain/Strain: A sprain involves ligaments, while a strain affects muscles or tendons. These usually manifest with pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion.
3. Rotator Cuff Injury: Could cause similar symptoms, particularly if you experience weakness with specific movements.
Treatment Plan
Given your symptoms and potential diagnoses:
1. Diagnostic imaging: An X-ray is advisable to rule out a fracture. An examination alone may sometimes miss subtle fractures, particularly in the case of less severe injuries.
2. Physical Therapy: If a fracture is ruled out or confirmed to be non-displaced, physical therapy can help restore range of motion and strength. Recovery time varies: minor strains can heal in weeks, while more significant injuries (like fractures) may take longer.
3. Activity modifications:
- Avoid: Overhead lifting, pushing, or pulling motions that exacerbate your pain.
- Gentle movements may be introduced gradually, focusing on maintaining mobility without pain.
4. Pain management: Over-the-counter analgesics like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be utilized as needed for pain control.
Patient Communication
It’s important to understand that while the clavicle plays a critical role in shoulder mechanics, most shoulder injuries can be effectively managed with initial conservative treatment. Should you experience significant worsening of symptoms (increased pain, swelling, or inability to use the arm), immediate reassessment may be warranted.
Consider scheduling an X-ray to clarify whether a fracture is present. Following this, your doctor can outline a tailored rehabilitation program to ensure your shoulder heals appropriately. Always consult with your healthcare provider prior to starting new exercises, especially during the recovery phase.
Conclusion
Please feel encouraged to pursue further evaluation with your doctor, especially regarding the need for imaging and the appropriateness of physical therapy based on the findings. Understanding the nature of your injury is crucial for optimized recovery and preventing further complications.
For the past few weeks, I’ve been dealing with lower back pain that gets worse when I sit for long periods or try to lift anything heavy. I went to the doctor, and they mentioned that the pain is coming from the lumbar region of my spine. I had heard of the term before, but I never really understood what the lumbar spine is and why it’s so important.
From what I read, the lumbar spine is the lower part of the back, consisting of five vertebrae. Why is this area more prone to pain and injuries compared to other parts of the spine? Does it bear more weight or have weaker support?
I also saw that lumbar pain can be caused by different things like muscle strain, herniated discs, or arthritis. How do doctors figure out what’s causing the pain? Would I need an MRI or X-ray, or can they tell just by examining my back?
The doctor recommended physical therapy and stretching to relieve my lumbar pain, but how effective are those treatments? Should I also consider other options like chiropractic care, massage, or even injections if the pain doesn’t improve?
Another thing I’m worried about is whether lumbar pain can become a chronic problem. If I have this pain now, does that mean I’m at risk of long-term back issues? What’s the best way to strengthen the lumbar spine and prevent future pain or injuries?
I just want to make sure I take the right steps to recover and avoid making things worse. Are there specific exercises or lifestyle changes that can help keep the lumbar spine healthy?
The lumbar spine is indeed the lower part of your back, consisting of five vertebrae (L1 to L5). It plays a crucial role in supporting much of your body's weight and is integral to various movements such as bending and twisting. This area is particularly prone to pain and injuries because it bears significant loads, especially when lifting heavy objects or maintaining certain postures, and it has a greater range of motion compared to other spinal regions.
1. Understanding Pain Causes: Pain in the lumbar region can be due to various factors: muscle strains, herniated discs, arthritis, or even degenerative conditions. Doctors typically evaluate the cause of lower back pain through a combination of a physical examination and a thorough review of your medical history. They may check for pain during movement, tenderness in the lower back, and your reflexes. Imaging studies like X-rays or MRIs are generally reserved for cases that are not responding to initial treatment or for red flag signs such as severe neurological symptoms, unexplained weight loss, or significant trauma.
2. Effectiveness of Recommended Treatments: Physical therapy and stretching are effective treatments for many cases of lower back pain, as they can help strengthen the muscles that support the lumbar spine and improve flexibility. Research has shown that physical therapy is beneficial for reducing pain and improving function, often more effectively than rest alone. Chiropractic care and massage can also provide symptomatic relief for some individuals. Injections, such as corticosteroids, might be considered if you do not experience relief from conservative measures and your pain significantly impacts your quality of life.
3. Chronic Pain Concerns: Low back pain can indeed become chronic if not managed properly, but this does not guarantee that you will develop long-term problems. Engaging in regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, practicing good posture, and avoiding prolonged sitting or lifting heavy objects improperly are vital preventative measures.
4. Strengthening and Preventive Steps: To strengthen your lumbar spine, consider the following exercises after discussing them with your physical therapist:
- Core Strengthening: Exercises like planks and bridges can enhance the support for your lumbar spine.
- Flexibility Exercises: Regular stretching of the hip flexors, hamstring, and lower back muscles can help maintain flexibility.
- Aerobic Conditioning: Activities like walking, swimming, or cycling promote general fitness without straining your back.
5. Lifestyle Changes:
- Ergonomics: Maintain a good ergonomic setup while working, ensuring your workstation promotes proper posture.
- Avoid Prolonged Sitting: Take frequent breaks to stand, stretch, or walk around.
- Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on your lumbar spine.
6. Next Steps: It’s highly recommended to follow up with your healthcare provider regarding your physical therapy progress and any changes in your symptoms. If your pain persists or worsens, they may consider further imaging tests or reevaluating your treatment plan.
By adopting these strategies and closely monitoring your symptoms with the guidance of your healthcare team, you can effectively manage your lumbar pain and reduce the risk of recurrence. Remember, early intervention and consistent care are key to achieving long-term improvement.
I recently noticed a small hard lump near my joint, and my doctor said it might be exostosis, a type of extra bone growth. It doesn’t hurt much, but it feels uncomfortable when I move. What causes exostosis, and does it usually require treatment?
I read that some bone growths are harmless, but others might interfere with movement. Could this get worse over time, and should I be worried about developing more? Also, are there non-surgical ways to manage exostosis, or does it usually require removal?
If I leave it untreated, could it affect my joint mobility or cause nerve compression? I need guidance on whether I should monitor it or consider treatment now.
Exostosis refers to a benign growth of new bone on the surface of a bone, often occurring near joints. The specific cause of exostosis can vary, but it is commonly associated with factors such as repetitive stress on the bones, genetics, or conditions like osteochondroma, where a cartilage-capped bone forms. While many exostoses are asymptomatic and do not interfere with normal function, they can sometimes cause discomfort or limit mobility, especially if located near a joint.
Given your description of discomfort during movement, it's prudent to monitor the lump closely. Factors like size, location, and any increase in discomfort can indicate whether intervention is necessary. In most cases, if the growth is not causing significant pain or mobility issues, it may not require immediate treatment.
However, there are important considerations regarding your current situation:
1. Monitoring: Regularly assess the lump for any changes in size, pain level, or discomfort. A follow-up with your doctor is advisable if you notice an increase in symptoms or if the lump grows larger.
2. Treatment Decisions: Non-surgical management typically includes:
- Physical therapy to strengthen surrounding muscles and improve joint function.
- Activity modification to avoid movements that exacerbate discomfort.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers like NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen), following the dosing instructions on the package, to help with any discomfort.
3. Surgical Options: If the exostosis significantly impacts your mobility or causes nerve compression, surgical resection may be necessary. This is typically considered if conservative measures do not provide relief or if there is a risk of further complications.
4. Potential for Progression: While most cases are stable, exostoses can sometimes grow slowly over time, leading to potential interference with joint mobility or nerve compression, depending on their location. Persistent discomfort or limitations should prompt a discussion about imaging studies to evaluate the growth more closely.
To summarize, continue to monitor the lump for any changes, consider conservative management strategies to alleviate discomfort, and follow up with your healthcare provider for further evaluation and to discuss potential treatment options. Taking these steps will ensure that you effectively manage your symptoms and prevent any potential complications from developing.
I am feeling pain very little but regular in my right leg and right arm for a few days. Earlier, I am also feeling light pain at my lower back. It seems, it is due to that reason. Kindly suggest so.e remedy.
A few months ago, I had a bad fall while sitting down abruptly on a hard surface, and since then, I’ve been experiencing constant pain in my lower back, especially when sitting or getting up from a chair. At first, I assumed it was just a minor bruise, but the pain didn’t go away even after weeks. When I finally went to the doctor, he examined me and said that I had injured my coccyx, also known as the tailbone.
Before this, I had never really thought about the coccyx or its function in the body. From what the doctor explained, the coccyx is the small, triangular bone at the very bottom of the spine, made up of three to five fused vertebrae. It acts as a support structure for the pelvic floor muscles and plays a role in sitting, balance, and movement. I never realized how important the coccyx was until I injured it—now, even simple activities like sitting, bending, or leaning back feel uncomfortable.
The doctor diagnosed my condition as coccydynia (tailbone pain) and said that injuries to the coccyx can take a long time to heal because there is limited blood flow to the area, making recovery slow. He recommended using a donut-shaped cushion while sitting and advised me to avoid hard surfaces and prolonged sitting. But even after following these tips, the pain is still there. How long does it usually take for coccyx injuries to heal, and is there anything else I can do to speed up recovery?
Another thing that concerns me is whether my coccyx injury could become a chronic issue. I read that in some cases, coccyx pain can last for months or even years. What are the signs that the injury isn’t healing properly, and at what point should someone consider physical therapy or other medical interventions? Also, is it possible for the coccyx to become misaligned or fractured, and how would that be diagnosed?
I also learned that the coccyx can be affected by more than just injuries. Some people experience coccyx pain due to poor posture, obesity, pregnancy, or even infections. How can someone tell if their coccyx pain is from an injury or another underlying cause? Are there any stretches or exercises that can help relieve tailbone pain without making it worse?
One last thing I’m worried about is whether the coccyx has any long-term effects on mobility. If the pain doesn’t improve, could it lead to permanent discomfort when sitting or walking? And what treatment options are available if the pain becomes unbearable—would surgery be an option, or is that only for severe cases?
If anyone has had coccyx pain, I’d love to know—how did you manage it, and how long did it take to heal?
Clinical Summary
You are experiencing persistent pain in your lower back after a fall that resulted in a diagnosis of coccydynia (tailbone pain). The coccyx, a critical structure for pelvic support and movement, can indeed become painful, especially after trauma. Given that you're experiencing continual discomfort despite conservative measures (donut cushion, avoiding hard surfaces), it's crucial to explore further management options.
Etiology and Risk Factors
Coccydynia is typically related to trauma, such as a fall, and can result in inflammation, bruising, or even potential fractures in the coccyx. Factors that may play a role in prolonging symptoms include:
- Compression or prolonged pressure: Hard sitting surfaces and long periods of sitting can exacerbate discomfort.
- Muscle tension: Surrounding muscles may tighten in response to injury, contributing to pain.
- Underlying conditions: Poor posture, obesity, or previous injuries could contribute to chronicity.
Epidemiological studies suggest that while the majority of coccyx injuries can resolve in weeks, up to 25% may develop chronic pain lasting several months to years (Lloyd et al., 2015).
Treatment Plan
1. First-line therapies:
- Continued use of cushions: Specialized cushions, like “coccyx cushions” designed to relieve pressure on the painful area, can aid comfort.
- Pain management: NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen or naproxen) taken as directed can help reduce inflammation and pain. Check for contraindications in your case.
- Ice therapy: Applying ice to the area for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce swelling.
2. Physical Therapy (PT):
- If pain persists for more than 2-3 months despite conservative treatment, referral to a physical therapist experienced in pelvic pain may be beneficial. PT can offer manual therapy techniques and targeted exercises for strengthening and stretching pelvic floor and surrounding musculature.
3. Other interventions:
- Injections: If conservative management fails, corticosteroid injections may provide relief.
- Surgery: Considered only in severe, refractory cases (usually after at least 6-12 months of non-operative management), surgery involves coccygectomy (removal of the coccyx), but this is rarely indicated.
Signs of Non-Healing or Chronic Issues
It is concerning if:
- Pain persists or worsens after 6-8 weeks.
- Symptoms disrupt daily activities or sleep.
- You notice any new symptoms such as swelling, fever, or changes in bowel/urinary habits.
Diagnosis of Misalignment or Fracture
Coccyx misalignment or fractures can be evaluated through:
- Physical examination: Tenderness assessment by a healthcare provider.
- Imaging studies: An X-ray or MRI may be ordered if there are suspicions of a fracture or other structural issues.
Differentiation of Pain Sources
To determine if coccyx pain is from an injury or another cause, consider:
- History: Was there trauma? Are there positions that worsen the pain that could indicate posture issues or conditions like pilonidal cysts?
- Examine patterns: Is the pain consistent with sitting, standing, or certain movements?
Exercises and Stretches
Gentle stretching and strengthening can promote healing:
- Knees-to-chest stretch: Helps stretch out the lower back and pelvis.
- Pelvic floor muscle exercises: Strengthening these supports coccyx stability. Consult a PT for guidance.
- Avoid overly aggressive movements or stretches that exacerbate pain.
Long-term Implications
If coccyx pain continues untreated, it can lead to chronic discomfort, potentially affecting mobility and function. Persistent pain could suggest underlying conditions that might require intervention.
Conclusion
It’s advisable to monitor your symptoms closely. If your pain remains persistent or escalates, consult with a healthcare provider for a more in-depth evaluation or possible referral to a specialist. Knowing your options and potential pathways can help manage your pain effectively and reduce the likelihood of chronic issues.
Spine problem and spine pain
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I recently injured my upper arm, and my doctor said I might have a humerus bone fracture. I didn’t realize that the humerus bone is so essential for arm movement—what happens when it’s broken?
From what I read, the humerus connects the shoulder to the elbow, but does a fracture always require surgery, or can it heal on its own? Also, what’s the difference between a humerus shaft fracture and a proximal humerus fracture?
I also wonder if a humerus injury can cause nerve damage. Could it affect the radial nerve, and if so, would that cause weakness in the hand or fingers?
For those who have had a humerus fracture, how long did recovery take? Did you need a cast, physical therapy, or surgery?
The humerus bone connects your shoulder to your elbow and plays a key role in arm movement. A fracture can make it difficult to move your arm properly, and depending on the type and severity of the break, treatment options can vary. Not all humerus fractures require surgery. Some can heal with a cast or splint, while others might need surgical intervention if the bones are displaced or the fracture is severe.
A humerus shaft fracture refers to a break in the long middle part of the bone, while a proximal humerus fracture occurs closer to the shoulder joint. Both types can be serious, but the treatment approach will depend on the fracture's location and severity.
Regarding nerve damage, it’s possible for a humerus fracture to affect the radial nerve, especially in fractures around the elbow or upper arm. This can lead to weakness or numbness in your hand and fingers.
Recovery time varies but typically takes several weeks to months. Depending on the fracture, you may need a cast, physical therapy, or possibly surgery. It’s important to follow your doctor’s advice and attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing.
A few days ago, I sprained my ankle while playing basketball with some friends. I didn’t twist it too badly, but I felt a sharp pain right after landing awkwardly. At first, I thought it was just a little tweak and that it would go away in a few minutes. However, the pain didn’t subside, and my ankle started swelling up. I immediately sat down and tried to ice it, but it was still quite painful even after resting for a while. The next day, I could barely walk, and I noticed the swelling and bruising around my ankle was worse. I’ve been keeping it elevated and using ice for the past couple of days, but the pain hasn’t completely gone away, and it’s still hard to walk without limping.
I’ve been wondering if this is just a mild sprain or something more serious. From what I’ve read, a sprain occurs when the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn, but I’m not sure how to tell if this is a Grade 1 (mild) sprain, a Grade 2 (moderate), or even a Grade 3 (severe). I’ve had a few minor injuries in the past, but nothing this painful or swollen. The pain seems to get worse if I try to walk or put pressure on the foot, and I haven’t been able to do my usual activities. I’m also concerned that if I don’t treat it properly, it could cause long-term issues like instability in my ankle.
The doctor I saw briefly mentioned that I should follow the R.I.C.E. method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) and avoid putting weight on it, but I’m not sure how long I should rest before trying to move it again. Is there a risk of further injury if I try to walk on it too soon? I’ve been using a compression bandage to help with the swelling, but I’m unsure if that’s helping or if I should be using something like a brace for better support. My main concern is how long I should wait before returning to my normal routine, including exercise and sports.
Also, I’ve read that if the swelling doesn’t go down after a few days, or if the pain increases, I might need an X-ray to rule out a fracture. I haven’t had any difficulty moving my toes, and there’s no sharp pain in the bone itself, but I’m wondering if I should ask for further imaging just to be sure. How do I know when it’s safe to stop resting and start using my ankle again without causing further damage? If the sprain is mild, should I expect to be back to normal soon, or does it typically take longer to heal?
Has anyone else dealt with a sprain that didn’t improve right away? I’m trying to be patient, but the pain and swelling are still there, and I just want to make sure I’m doing the right things to speed up my recovery.
Based on your description, it sounds like you have a moderate ankle sprain, with symptoms of swelling, bruising, and significant pain when trying to walk. It's good that you have already implemented the R.I.C.E. method, as this is an essential first aid step.
The classification of ankle sprains is as follows:
- Grade 1 (mild): Mild pain and swelling; no significant loss of function.
- Grade 2 (moderate): Moderate pain, swelling, bruising; some loss of function and instability.
- Grade 3 (severe): Complete tear of the ligament; significant swelling, pain, and instability.
Given that you're experiencing significant pain and difficulty walking, it's important to consider that your sprain may be more than mild. However, making a determination about the severity requires a clinical evaluation, including potentially imaging such as an X-ray, especially if you continue to experience significant swelling and pain.
Here are some clear steps you can take to aid your recovery:
1. **Continue Resting**: Avoid putting weight on the ankle as much as possible for the next few days. If you can, use crutches or a walking aid to reduce weight on the involved foot.
2. **Ice Application**: Ice the area for 15-20 minutes every 1-2 hours, especially within the first 48 hours post-injury. This will help control swelling and pain. Ensure you wrap the ice in a cloth to avoid frostbite.
3. **Compression**: Continue using a compression bandage. A brace can be beneficial for more support, especially to limit movement while healing. Ensure it’s snug but not so tight that it cuts off circulation.
4. **Elevation**: Keep your ankle elevated above heart level as much as possible, especially while resting or sleeping. This will help reduce swelling.
5. **Monitor Symptoms**: If swelling does not start to decrease within 2 days or if your pain worsens, it would be prudent to seek medical evaluation. An X-ray may be necessary to rule out a fracture, particularly if you are still experiencing significant difficulty walking.
6. **Activity Modification**: Once swelling subsides and pain decreases markedly, you can begin gentle range-of-motion exercises. Gradually increase activity levels as tolerated. Avoid jumping, running, or high-impact activities until fully healed.
7. **Return to Sports**: Full recovery can vary widely based on the severity of the injury. Generally, a mild sprain may take a week or two, while moderate sprains can take several weeks. Gradual reintroduction to sports should occur only when you have full range of motion, minimal to no pain, and can bear weight comfortably.
Remember, if you experience any new symptoms, such as increased pain, inability to move the ankle, numbness, or changes in your toes' color, seek immediate medical care. Ensuring you don't rush back to sports too early is crucial in preventing further injury or long-term issues with ankle stability.
Patience is key during your recovery. Following these guidelines will help you heal more effectively. If improvement isn't seen soon or if you're concerned, consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible imaging.
